![]() ![]() ![]() Appearing on the eve of the Spanish Civil War, and published just a few months after Hitler came to power, when the world was beginning to take sides for or against fascism, the novel had a galvanising effect on public opinion. The novel was also adapted for cinema by director Carlo Lizzani and the film Fontamara was released in 1977. Fontamara is derived from the Italian 'Fonte Amara' (Bitter Stream), which Victor Wolfson used as the title for his 1936 stage adaptation of the book, presented in New York at the Civic Repertory Theatre. It was first published as a German translation in Zurich, Switzerland in 1933 and was published in English by Penguin Books in September 1934. It received worldwide acclaim and sold more than a million and a half copies in twenty-seven languages. It is Silone's first novel and is regarded as his most famous work. ![]()
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